Phytosterols in Salvia Seeds: Content and Composition and Correlation with Environmental Parameters

Seyed Hamed Moazzami Farida | Tayebeh Radjabian

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URL :   http://research.shahed.ac.ir/WSR/WebPages/Report/PaperView.aspx?PaperID=116635
Date :  2019/06/20
Publish in :    Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions A: Science
DOI :  https://doi.org/10.1007/s40995-019-00721-5
Link :  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40995-019-00721-5
Keywords :Campesterol, Environmental parameters, Phytosterols, Salvia L., Seed oil, beta-Sitosterol

Abstract :

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The purpose of this study was to determine the oil yield, content and composition of phytosterols in the seeds of six wildgrown Salvia species from Iran, including S. ceratophylla L. (3 populations), S. nemorosa L. (6 populations), S. reuteriana Boiss. (6 populations), S. spinosa L. (5 populations), S. verticillata L. (3 populations) and S. virgata Jacq. (3 populations). We also evaluated the efects of some environmental parameters on their chemical variations and characterized the investigated populations based on the sterol chemo-types. The results showed that seed oil yields ranged between 16.51 and 42.48, with an average of 28.93. The total sterol contents in Salvia seeds varied signifcantly and ranged from 145.13 to 386.75 mg 100g−1 oil. β-Sitosterol, campesterol and stigmasterol were the main sterol constituents in all of the Salvia seed oils, with the average values of 60.13, 27.32 and 12.55 of the total sterols, respectively. Among all the tested species, the highest level of total phytosterol and β-sitosterol contents was obtained for the seeds of S. ceratophylla. Moreover, the percentages of these compounds varied depending on climatic factors such as precipitation, humidity and temperature. The cluster analysis based on the β-sitosterol/campesterol ratio contents of the seeds categorized diferent populations of Salvia species into three distinct campesterol, β-sitosterol and β-sitosterol-rich chemo-types.