Improving Rosa hybrida cv. Avalanche Production under Bud Pruning and Bending Treatments
M. Bagheri | S. Aliniaeifard | Iman Rohollahi
URL :
http://research.shahed.ac.ir/WSR/WebPages/Report/PaperView.aspx?PaperID=147990
Date : 2020/07/01
Publish in :
علوم باغباني - علوم و صنايع کشاورزي
DOI : https://doi.org/10.22067/343.86197
Keywords :Introduction
Management of rose plant structure plays an important role in flower production throughout the year and determines the amount of rose plant life span and influence plant development and quality of cut flowers (length, diameter and weight). In the past, roses were planted in a row, and their structure was in the form of long vertical hedges, with annual pruning often involving, disbudding and pinching. Rose growers tend to bend non-producing shoots to increase light absorption and build more photosynthetic assimilates and increases the quality of the produced cut flowers. In this study, proper management of pruning of cut rose bud with emphasis on shoot bending degrees was investigated.
Materials and Methods The cuttings media were prepared from a combination of Cocopeat and Perlite at 50 equilibrium. The cuttings were planted in two-meter-long boxes 18 cm apart. From day 4, food was injected into the substrates. Feed volume per plant was 550 ml per day, which was injected 11 times into the culture medium. In order to select the best plant structure architecture for producing the highest quality of the cut flowers, a factorial experiment was conducted based on a completely randomized design with two shoot pruning and bending treatments. In order to select the best plant structure architecture for producing the highest quality flowering shoots, a factorial experiment was conducted based on a completely randomized design with two bud pruning and bending treatments. During the bending process to increase the accuracy of the experiment, two bent shoots were counted for all cuttings, six days after bending treatment the dormant buds were activated in the primitive part of the stem and began to grow. Pruning of the buds was done in two levels of 50 pruning and without pruning. 45 days after bud removal, flower shoots were harvested, and specimens were transferred to the laboratory for post-harvest evaluation. Chlorophyll concentration, carbohydrate concentration, photosynthesis index, physiological, morphological and photosynthetic parameters as well as vase life was studied.
Results and Discussion Buds pruning at 1 probability level was important on carbohydrate content and bending at 5 probability level on carbohydrate and vase life. Furthermore, the interaction between the two pruning treatments and bending at 1 probability level was significant on carbohydrate content and vase life. In general, it can be concluded that by bending the shoots, the light penetrates into the plant structure, which ultimately increases photosynthesis and increases the amount of carbohydrates in flower buds. It can be concluded from the observations that bent shoots with appropriate angles can consume their carbohydrates for bud flower production. In other words, bending branches play the role of factories whose task is to deliver the photosynthetic production in the bending branches to the flower branches that are the most important consumer. The results showed that bending of branches (45 and 90 degree), with increasing light absorption and making more photosynthetic assimilates and changing their flow from bent branches to shoots, caused their proper growth and 30 increase in fresh and dry weight traits. The diameter of the bud and the length of the flower shoot increase post-harvest quality of the cut flower. Furthermore, the interaction of bud pruning and bending had a positive effect on carbohydrate content of flower shoots. On the other hand, the vase life were evaluated, which showed that the bending 45 degree had the highest vase life (22.5) and 120 degree had the lowest vase life. At treatment 120 degree (lowest postharvest survival), non-pruned treatments showed longer vase life (16 days) and lower pruned treatments after harvest (13.5 days). It shows that the highest fresh weight, dry weight, peduncle diameter and flower length are 45 degree. The results showed no significant difference in the photosynthesis rate of a bent
Abstract :
مدیریت ساختار بوته رز، نقش مهمی در تولید گل در طول سال دارد و میزان طول عمر بوته رز را تعیین کرده و نمو گیاه و کیفیت شاخه‌های گل (طول، قطر و وزن) را تحت تاثیر قرار می‌دهد. پرورش دهندگان رز با هدف افزایش جذب نور و ساخت اسیمیلات‌های فتوسنتزی بیشتر و افزایش کیفیت شاخه گل تولید شده، اقدام به خم سازی شاخه¬های غیرتولیدی می¬کنند. در این پژوهش مدیریت مناسب هرس جوانه بوته رز شاخه بریده با تاکید بر خم سازی شاخه مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. به منظور انتخاب بهترین معماری ساختار بوته از نظر تولید با کیفیت¬ترین شاخه¬های گل دهنده ازمون فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح کاملاً تصادفی با دو تیمار هرس جوانه و خم سازی شاخه انجام شد. هرس جوانه در دو سطح هرس 50 درصد جوانه و بدون هرس جوانه انجام شد و در تیمار خم سازی ساقه سطوح بدون خم سازی، زاویه 45 ، 90 و 120 درجه انجام شد. فاکتورهای فیزیولوژیکی، مورفولوژیکی و شاخص¬های فتوسنتزی و همچنین عمر گلدانی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد خم کردن شاخه (زاویه 45 و 90)، با افزایش جذب نور و ساخت اسیمیلات¬های فتوسنتزی بیشتر و تغییر جریان ان‌ها از برگساره شاخه‌های خم شده به سمت پاشاخه‌ها، سبب رشد مناسب ان‌ها و افزایش30 درصدی صفات وزن تر و وزن خشک نسبت به تیمار بدون خم سازی شده است. قطر غنچه و طول شاخه گل سبب افزایش کیفیت پس از برداشت شاخه گل تولید شده می‌شود. همچنین اثر متقابل هرس جوانه و خم کردن شاخه تاثیر مثبتی بر مقدار کربوهیدرات شاخه گل نشان داد.