Allelopatic Effects of Achillea millefolium Aerial Part Extracts on Sorghum Bicolor (var. Kimia)

Razieh Jamshidi | Azra Saboora | Tayebeh Radjabian

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URL :   http://research.shahed.ac.ir/WSR/WebPages/Report/PaperView.aspx?PaperID=32121
Date :  2016/05/18
Publish in :    پنجمين کنگره ملي گياهان دارويي


Keywords :Allelopatic Effects, Achillea millefolium, Aerial Extracts, Sorghum Bicolor

Abstract :

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Achillea millefolium is a medicinal plant belongs to Asteraceae. It has been for treatment of hemorrhage, pneumonia, rheumatic pain and wounds healing in Persian traditional literature and as, anti- inflammatory, anti-spasmodic, diuretic and emmenagogic agents. In recent years, use of allelopathic effects on weed management has attracted many researcher, herbal extracts by positive and negative interactions on living organisms have good potential in this field. Flower and leaves of A. millefolium were collected from Plour in Iran and then yarrow extracts were obtained by fractiation in n-hexane, ethanol and distilled water with sonication (15min) and fallow the latest maceration (24 h) method. The extracts were used at concentrations of 0.75, 1.25, 2.5, 5 and 7.5in basal MS media, after that sorghum seeds were sterile and cultured on that. All treatments have shown significant allelopathic effects. Flower extracts at lower concentrations had strongereffect thanleaf extracts. After 21 days, reduced in the plantgrowthrate, negative geotropism of the roots, limited rhizogenesis and decrease in Internode length and leaf area were observed. Treatment with high concentration of the extracts caused to necrosis in the sorghum root at early stage and black root exudates was appeared around roots.The greatest allelopatic effect of nhexane extract was done by 7.5 concentration but aqueous leaf and flower extract had same effect, respectively, at 2.5 and 1.25 concentrations. The results showed that different extract of the yarrow can be used for herbicides purposes.